ضغن

Core meaning

Rancor held within, unconfessed, which trial ends by bringing out.

Uses

1. أَضْغَٰن → "malice" : hostility held inside; the text uses it only with the verb "to bring out".

   • «أَن لَّن يُخْرِجَ ٱللَّهُ أَضْغَٰنَهُمْ» — "that God will never bring out their malice" (47:29)
   • «وَيُخْرِجْ أَضْغَٰنَكُمْ» — "and it would bring out your malice" (47:37)

Evidence from the text

Both uses are in the same sura and carry the same verb: to bring out (47:29, 47:37). Rancor is what stays within and does not remain there. In 47:29, it dwells in those whose core bears a sickness, who think it will never come out; the answer follows at once: "you will surely recognize them by the tone of their saying" (47:30). In 47:37, trial shows it: a pressing demand would make one stingy, and stinginess would bring the rancor out.

Distinctions

• غلل — the rancor slipped into the chests, which God removes from them in the Garden (7:43, 15:47); ضغن is the rancor held within, which trial brings out
• حسد — envy: wishing another the loss of a good

See also

خرج (to bring out) · حفو (to press with demands)