قرد

Core meaning

The ape: the form a sentence imposes on those who crossed the limit.

Uses

1. قِرَدَة → "apes" : the noun appears only in the sentence that strikes the transgressors.

   • «كُونُوا۟ قِرَدَةً خَٰسِـِٔينَ» — "Be apes, rebuffed" (2:65)
   • «وَجَعَلَ مِنْهُمُ ٱلْقِرَدَةَ وَٱلْخَنَازِيرَ» — "and of whom He made apes and swine" (5:60)

Evidence from the text

The text names the ape only in a sentence. Twice the same word is addressed to those who crossed the limit: concerning the Rest (2:65), and when they "insolently defied what had been forbidden them" (7:166). In 5:60, apes and swine appear in the requital of those whom God has cursed.

The text does not describe the transformation; it gives its cause, the limit crossed, and its reach: the sentence after 2:65 makes it "an exemplary deterrent for what preceded it and what followed" (2:66).

Distinctions

• خنزر — swine, named with the ape in 5:60
• خسء — "rebuffed": the state that goes with the sentence