هنا

Core meaning

Adverb of place: "here" for the present place (هَٰهُنَا), "there" for the place or moment where the scene unfolds (هُنَالِكَ).

Uses

1. هَٰهُنَا → "here" : the very place where one speaks.

   • «مَّا قُتِلْنَا هَٰهُنَا» — "we would not have been killed here" (3:154)
   • «فَلَيْسَ لَهُ ٱلْيَوْمَ هَٰهُنَا حَمِيمٌۭ» — "So today he has here no warm friend" (69:35)

2. هُنَالِكَ → "there", "right there" : the place or instant of the account, where something is decided.

   • «هُنَالِكَ دَعَا زَكَرِيَّا رَبَّهُۥ» — "Right there, Zakariya invoked his Guardian" (3:38)
   • «هُنَالِكَ ٱبْتُلِىَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ» — "There the believers were tested" (33:11)
   • «وَخَسِرَ هُنَالِكَ ٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ» — "and there those who used to disown were the losers" (40:85)

Evidence from the text

هَٰهُنَا, with the presentative ها, designates the place where the speaker stands: the battlefield (3:154), the place of reckoning (69:35). هُنَالِكَ, with the element of distance, refers to the place or moment the account has just set, and ties to it what is decided there: Zakariya's invocation (3:38), the believers' trial (33:11), the loss of those who disown (40:85).