Roots

Sealed1 occurrences بئر b'r The waterhole: water dug into the ground, which keeps an inhabited place alive. Its single use shows it abandoned, in the midst of an annihilated city. Uses 1. بِئْر → "w… Read the entry → Sealed73 occurrences بئس b's The force that strikes hard: the blow dealt or suffered, the violence of men, the rigor of God, the adversity that falls; and, by the same harshness, the exclamation that… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بابل babl Proper noun of a place. The text makes it the place where something was sent down upon two kings, Harut and Marut; the translation writes "Babel". Uses 1. بَابِل → "Babel… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بتر btr To cut off what should have continued: to deprive of a sequel. Uses 1. ٱلْأَبْتَر → "the Cut-Off One" : the one whose continuation is severed. «إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ ٱلْأَ… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بتك btk To split with a cut what was whole: the gesture that marks a body and alters its form. Uses 1. فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ → "to slit" : to cut into the ears of cattle, on the Diver… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بتل btl To detach oneself from everything else in order to give oneself over to one alone. Uses 1. تَبَتَّلْ, تَبْتِيلًا → "to give oneself over", "fully" : to give oneself witho… Read the entry → Sealed9 occurrences بثث bthth To spread by scattering: to bring forth from an origin a multitude that disperses over an expanse. Uses 1. بَثَّ, يَبُثُّ → "to spread", "to scatter" : the gesture of God… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بجس bjs To well forth by piercing: water opening a passage of itself through a closed surface. Uses 1. ٱنۢبَجَسَ → "to well forth" : the reflexive form: the water comes forth of… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بحث bhth To search the earth by scratching it: to seek by digging the ground. Uses 1. يَبْحَثُ → "to scratch (the earth)" : the gesture of the raven digging the ground before the… Read the entry → Sealed42 occurrences بحر bhr The sea: the great expanse of water, set over against the land; the domain where man goes only when carried, and where he holds only by God. Uses 1. ٱلْبَحْر, ٱلْبِحَار,… Read the entry → Sealed7 occurrences بخس bkhs To cut back a share that is due: to give someone less than what belongs to him. Uses 1. يَبْخَسْ, تَبْخَسُوا۟ → "to diminish", "to shortchange" : to reduce what is owed,… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بخع bkh' To consume oneself: to wear oneself out to the end, with grief, before the refusal of others. Uses 1. بَٰخِعٌ نَّفْسَكَ → "consume yourself" : the participle, followed by… Read the entry → Sealed12 occurrences بخل bkhl To keep for oneself what one has received, refusing to give of it: stinginess, which ends by turning against the stingy one. Uses 1. بَخِلَ, يَبْخَلُ → "to be stingy" : t… Read the entry → Sealed15 occurrences بدء bd' To begin: to make the first gesture of a sequence. The text uses it above all for creation, which God begins and then remakes. Uses 1. يَبْدَؤُا۟, يُبْدِئُ, بَدَأَ (creat… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بدر bdr The root carries two uses that the text does not link: the haste that runs ahead of a due time, and Badr, the name of a place. Uses 1. بِدَارًا → "hastily" : the haste of… Read the entry → Sealed4 occurrences بدع bd' To bring forth what has no precedent: an origin without a prior model. Uses 1. بَدِيعُ → "Unprecedented Creator" : God, who made the heavens and the earth with no model b… Read the entry → Sealed44 occurrences بدل bdl To put one thing in the place of another: to change, to replace, to exchange. Uses 1. بَدَّلَ, يُبَدِّلُ, تُبَدَّلُ → "to change", "to replace" : to make one thing become… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بدن bdn The body in its mass of flesh: the body of a man kept as a sign, or the heavy-bodied beasts led to the offering. Uses 1. بَدَن → "body" : the body of Fir'awn, alone saved… Read the entry → Sealed31 occurrences بدو bdw To appear: what comes before us, at first sight; what was hidden passes into sight, and the causative form, أَبْدَىٰ, makes it appear. The same word names the open countr… Read the entry → Sealed3 occurrences بذر bdhr To scatter without discernment, like seed thrown at random: to squander. Uses 1. تُبَذِّرْ, تَبْذِيرًا → "to squander wastefully" : the verb and its verbal noun, joined f… Read the entry → Sealed31 occurrences برء br' To clear off, to come out quit: what is settled owes nothing more and is bound to nothing more. Hence to be quit of someone or of what he does, the quittance that declare… Read the entry → Sealed7 occurrences برج brj To rise up and be seen from afar: the tower that dominates, the constellation that stands out in the sky, and the person who stages herself before the eyes of others. Use… Read the entry → Sealed3 occurrences برح brh To leave the place or the state one keeps. Always negated in the text: not to leave, not to cease, until a term is reached. Uses 1. لَنْ أَبْرَحَ + object → "not to leave… Read the entry → Sealed5 occurrences برد brd Cold: the coolness that soothes, and the water that cold hardens. Uses 1. بَرْدًا → "coolness" : the respite that puts out the burning. «يَٰنَارُ كُونِى بَرْدًۭا وَسَلَٰم… Read the entry → Sealed32 occurrences برر brr Virtue: the good done toward others, in deeds rather than in forms. The same spelling also names the land, ٱلْبَرّ, set over against the sea, with no link of meaning to v… Read the entry → Sealed9 occurrences برز brz To come out into the open: to leave a shelter or a retreat and stand in full view. Uses 1. بَرَزُوا۟ (out of a place) → "to come out to face", "to leave" : to leave a she… Read the entry → Sealed3 occurrences برزخ brzkh What stands between two realities in contact and prevents them from mixing or passing into one another. Uses 1. بَرْزَخ → "barrier" : the separation kept between two wate… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences برص brs Leprosy: the affliction of the skin that Issa heals, with God's permission. Uses 1. ٱلْأَبْرَص → "the leper" : always named after the born-blind, in the list of signs giv… Read the entry → Sealed10 occurrences برق brq Lightning: a brief and violent flash that seizes the sight; the root also names the sight blinded with glare, and brocade, a fabric whose sheen recalls it. Uses 1. ٱلْبَر… Read the entry → Sealed32 occurrences برك brk The good that abides and spreads: what God blesses overflows its place to benefit others. Uses 1. تَبَارَكَ → "Blessed is" : the formula that opens the praise of God, of… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences برم brm To clinch a decision firmly, as one tightens a knot. Uses 1. أَبْرَمَ, مُبْرِمُون → "to clinch (a plan)" : the decision men tie, and the one God clinches in return. «أَمْ… Read the entry → Sealed8 occurrences بره brh What establishes a thing so that it prevails: the demonstration one brings or receives. Uses 1. هَاتُوا۟ بُرْهَٰنَكُمْ, لَا بُرْهَٰنَ لَهُۥ → "bring your demonstration" :… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بزغ bzgh To rise, said of a heavenly body: to appear above the horizon and begin its visible course. Uses 1. بَازِغًا, بَازِغَةً → "rising" : the moon, then the sun, seen rising b… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بسر bsr To harden and darken the face under the effect of a refusal or a threat. Uses 1. بَسَرَ → "to scowl" : the face that closes, a step in the refusal of the message. «ثُمَّ… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بسس bss To reduce a mass to particles that scatter. Uses 1. بُسَّتِ, بَسًّا → "to crush to powder" : the verb and its verbal noun express a complete crumbling. «وَبُسَّتِ ٱلْجِبَ… Read the entry → Sealed25 occurrences بسط bst To extend, to spread out: to open into a surface what was closed or tightened — a hand, a provision, a carpet, a cloud. Uses 1. بَسَطَ يَدَهُ, بَاسِط, مَبْسُوطَتَانِ → "t… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بسق bsq To rise high and straight: the word qualifies the palm trees, "tall". Uses 1. بَاسِقَات → "tall" : the palm trees standing high, bearing their layered spathes. «وَٱلنَّخْ… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بسل bsl To be delivered over to the consequence of one's deeds, with no one to stand between. Uses 1. تُبْسَلَ, أُبْسِلُوا۟ → "to be delivered" : to be abandoned to what one has… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بسم bsm To smile: to let the pleasure received from a word or a sight show on the face, without breaking into laughter. Uses 1. تَبَسَّمَ → "to smile" : form V tells of the smile… Read the entry → Sealed123 occurrences بشر bshr The skin, the visible surface: the human being seen in his flesh, and the news that shows on the face of the one who receives it. Uses 1. بَشَر → "human" : the human bein… Read the entry → Sealed148 occurrences بصر bsr Clear sight: to see with sharpness, by the organ as by discernment. Said of God, the word says that nothing of what people do escapes His sight. Uses 1. بَصِير (God) → "A… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بصل bsl The onion, a garden plant that the earth grows. Uses 1. بَصَلِهَا → "its onions" : the last item of the foodstuffs demanded of Moussa. «وَعَدَسِهَا وَبَصَلِهَا» — "its le… Read the entry → Sealed7 occurrences بضع bd' A small portion taken from a whole: a small number left unspecified, or the share of goods one carries for exchange. Uses 1. بِضْع → "some", "a few" : a number of years l… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بطء bt' To slow down on purpose: to stay behind while others move forward. Uses 1. لَيُبَطِّئَنَّ → "to lag behind deliberately" : the willed slowness of one who keeps back. «وَإ… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بطر btr To grow wanton from abundance: the excessive assurance that ease gives, to the point of forgetting where it comes from. Uses 1. بَطَر → "wantonness" : the displayed assur… Read the entry → Sealed10 occurrences بطش btsh To grip with force so as to strike: the violent grip, of the hand of man or of God. Uses 1. بَطَشَ, يَبْطِشُ → "to grip", "to strike" : the hand that grips or comes down… Read the entry → Sealed36 occurrences بطل btl What has no foundation and collapses before the truth: falsehood, and what is vain. Uses 1. ٱلْبَاطِل → "falsehood" : what stands against the truth without foundation. «ك… Read the entry → Sealed25 occurrences بطن btn The interior hidden beneath a surface: the belly, and all that is within, as opposed to what appears. Uses 1. بَطْن, بُطُون → "belly", "bellies" : the organ: one eats int… Read the entry → Sealed67 occurrences بعث b'th To raise up: to set in motion, to make rise toward action or toward life what was at rest. Uses 1. بَعَثَ, يَبْعَثُ (an envoy) → "to raise up" : to make an informant, a m… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بعثر b'thr To turn a thing over from top to bottom so as to bring out what it held. Uses 1. بُعْثِرَ, بُعْثِرَتْ → "to be overturned" : the graves turned over on the Day, giving up… Read the entry → Sealed235 occurrences بعد b'd To be beyond, separated by an interval: in time, what comes after; in space, what is far. Uses 1. بَعْدَ, مِنۢ بَعْدِ, بَعْدُ → "after" : what follows a fact; often, what… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بعر b'r The pack camel: the text names it as the measure of what an animal carries. Uses 1. بَعِير → "camel" : always in a measure, "a camel's measure" or "a camel's freight": th… Read the entry → Sealed7 occurrences بعل b'l The husband, the man to whom the woman is united; the same word serves as a proper name, Ba'l, for the deity invoked by the people of Ilyas. The text does not link the tw… Read the entry → Sealed13 occurrences بغت bght To come without a sign announcing it, and to seize the one who does not expect it. Uses 1. بَغْتَةً → "unexpectedly" : always said of the Hour or of the punishment, which… Read the entry → Sealed5 occurrences بغض bghd Hatred: the inner and lasting rejection of the other, which can overflow into speech. Uses 1. ٱلْبَغْضَآء → "hatred" : nearly always joined to enmity, ٱلْعَدَاوَة, in one… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بغل bghl The mule, an animal for riding. Uses 1. ٱلْبِغَال → "mules" : named between horses and donkeys, for riding and for adornment. «وَٱلْخَيْلَ وَٱلْبِغَالَ وَٱلْحَمِيرَ لِتَر… Read the entry → Sealed96 occurrences بغى bgha To reach toward what one wants: to seek. The same impulse, when it goes beyond the limit of its right, becomes iniquity. Uses 1. ٱبْتَغَىٰ, يَبْتَغُونَ, ٱبْتِغَآءَ → "to… Read the entry → Sealed9 occurrences بقر bqr The bovine: the cow, taken as an animal of the herd. Uses 1. بَقَرَة → "a cow" : the animal of the account in sura 2, which the people of Moussa were to slaughter. «إِنَّ… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بقع bq' A delimited spot, a point one can locate. Its single use names the blessed place where Moussa was called. Uses 1. ٱلْبُقْعَة → "the place" : the exact spot of the call, d… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بقل bql Herbs: the garden plants that the earth grows and that man cultivates for his food. Uses 1. بَقْلِهَا → "its herbs" : the first term of the list of the earth's produce th… Read the entry → Sealed21 occurrences بقى bqa To remain, to endure: what is left beyond the term, when the rest passes away. Uses 1. أَبْقَىٰ (comparative) → "more lasting" : in the formula "better and more lasting",… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بكة bkh The place of the throng: the word, read from ب ك ك, to press together in a crowd, qualifies the site of the first House as the place where the greatest number converges.… Read the entry → Sealed12 occurrences بكر bkr The beginning: early morning, and what has not yet been touched. Uses 1. بُكْرَة, ٱلْإِبْكَار → "morning" : the start of the day, joined to the evening: the two bounds of… Read the entry → Sealed6 occurrences بكم bkm Not to be able to speak: muteness, of the body, or of one who gives back no word to the message received. Uses 1. بُكْم, ٱلْبُكْم → "mute", "the mute" : in the triad with… Read the entry → Sealed7 occurrences بكى bka To weep: to show through tears the weight one gives to an event — mourning, humility, or loss. Uses 1. يَبْكُونَ, تَبْكُونَ → "to weep" : the tears of mourning, feigned o… Read the entry → Sealed19 occurrences بلد bld A stretch of earth taken as a territory: the land, inhabited, crossed, or given life by water. Uses 1. بَلَد, بَلْدَة → "land" : a territory, secure or dead, good or bad.… Read the entry → Sealed5 occurrences بلس bls To fall into a mute despair when every recourse has vanished. Uses 1. مُبْلِسُون → "in despair" : the state of those whom the punishment seizes unawares, or whom nothing… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بلع bl' To swallow: to make disappear within oneself what was outside. Uses 1. ٱبْلَعِى → "swallow" : the command given to the earth to take back the water of the flood. «يَٰٓأَر… Read the entry → Sealed77 occurrences بلغ blgh To reach: to arrive at the end of a course, in space, in time or in speech. Transmission is speech that reaches those for whom it is meant. Uses 1. بَلَغَ, يَبْلُغُ → "to… Read the entry → Sealed38 occurrences بلو blw To test: to submit a being to what brings out its true worth, through evil as through good. Uses 1. بَلَا, يَبْلُو, ٱبْتَلَىٰ → "to test" : God's gesture upon beings: thr… Read the entry → Sealed22 occurrences بلى bla Particle of reply that overturns a negation: it affirms what the question or the claim denied. Uses 1. بَلَىٰ (reply) → "yes" : the reply to a negative question: it says… Read the entry → Sealed2 occurrences بنن bnn The extremity: the farthest point of a whole — in the body, the phalanges; in a group, those who occupy its tip. Uses 1. بَنَانَهُۥ → "his phalanges" : the ends of the fi… Read the entry → Sealed161 occurrences بنو bnw Filiation: to be issued from someone, as son or daughter, or as a people bearing the name of an ancestor. Uses 1. ٱبْن, أَبْنَآء, بَنُونَ → "son", "sons" : the son of a f… Read the entry → Sealed22 occurrences بنى bna To build: to raise a structure that holds. The text applies it to the sky, to the works of men and to a rank of fighters. Uses 1. بَنَىٰ, بَنَيْنَا, ٱبْنُوا۟, مَبْنِيَّة… Read the entry → Sealed8 occurrences بهت bht Stupefaction: the false accusation, of a gravity that leaves no reply, and the state of one whose speech comes apart. Uses 1. بُهْتَان → "slander" : the false accusation… Read the entry → Sealed3 occurrences بهج bhj Splendor: the beauty that gladdens the eye. The text always says it of the vegetation that the water sent down makes grow. Uses 1. بَهِيج → "splendid" : the quality of ea… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بهل bhl To implore fervently, together, so that God may decide between two parties. Uses 1. نَبْتَهِلْ → "to pray fervently" : the common entreaty that hands the dispute over to… Read the entry → Sealed3 occurrences بهم bhm The livestock beasts: the herd animals, named by a fixed expression. Uses 1. بَهِيمَةُ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ → "the livestock beasts" : always the same expression, for permitted l… Read the entry → Sealed17 occurrences بوء bw' To return so as to stand in a place one takes on: to return burdened with a fault or an anger, or to settle in a dwelling. Uses 1. بَآءَ بِـ, تَبُوٓأَ بِـ → "to incur", "… Read the entry → Sealed27 occurrences بوب bwb The door: the opening by which one enters a place, and by which what it holds opens upon someone. Uses 1. بَاب → "gate", "door" : the entrance of a city, of a house, or o… Read the entry → Sealed5 occurrences بور bwr To waste away beyond return, like land that no longer yields: the barren loss that follows a wrong choice. Uses 1. بُورًا → "blighted" : said of a people that let what it… Read the entry → Sealed4 occurrences بول bwl The state of a being: its overall condition, which one questions, or which God makes sound. Uses 1. مَا بَالُ → "what of" : the question that asks the state of an affair… Read the entry → Sealed73 occurrences بيت byt The house: the place where one lives and returns for the night; with the article, the House, a sanctuary established for mankind. The verbal forms say what is done by nig… Read the entry → Sealed1 occurrences بيد byd To perish: to cease to be, to the point of vanishing. Uses 1. تَبِيدَ → "to perish" : the end of a good its owner believed lasting. «مَآ أَظُنُّ أَن تَبِيدَ هَٰذِهِۦٓ أَب… Read the entry → Sealed12 occurrences بيض byd Whiteness: the light color, said of a thread, a hand, a face, a gaze. Its value comes from the context: a sign of favor, or a mark of pain. Uses 1. أَبْيَض, بَيْضَآء, بِي… Read the entry → Sealed15 occurrences بيع by' To hand over a good for a counterpart, in an exchange concluded between two parties; allegiance is an exchange of this kind. Uses 1. ٱلْبَيْع, بَيْع → "selling" : market… Read the entry →