توراة

Core meaning

Proper noun of the Scripture given to Moussa, which the text defines by what it does: it carries the judgment of God and serves as a measure for those who hold it. The translation keeps the name: "the Tawrah".

Uses

1. ٱلتَّوْرَىٰة → "the Tawrah" : the Scripture of Moussa, often named with the Injil.

   • «إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَا ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةَ فِيهَا هُدًۭى وَنُورٌۭ» — "We sent down the Tawrah, wherein is guidance and light" (5:44)
   • «وَعِندَهُمُ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةُ فِيهَا حُكْمُ ٱللَّهِ» — "when they have the Tawrah, wherein is the judgment of God" (5:43)

2. مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةِ → "confirming what, of the Tawrah, preceded him" : the formula by which Issa and the Injil confirm the Tawrah.

   • «مُصَدِّقًۭا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةِ» — "confirming what, of the Tawrah, preceded him" (5:46)
   • «وَمُصَدِّقًۭا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَىَّ مِنَ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةِ» — "And confirming what, of the Tawrah, precedes me" (3:50)

Evidence from the text

The Tawrah is always a reference that one produces or applies. It is brought forth to settle a question of permitted food (3:93); it contains the judgment of God, and those who hold it turn their backs after that (5:43); the informants judged by it (5:44); not to maintain it is to stand "on nothing" (5:68). The image of 62:5 draws the consequence: those who received it without carrying it are like "the donkey carrying books" (62:5).

It is also a place where the text says it was announced: the informant without a prior Scripture is found written in it (7:157), the promise made to those who fight in the way of God is in it (9:111), the image of the messenger's companions is given in it (48:29). Issa comes to confirm what, of the Tawrah, precedes him (3:50, 5:46, 61:6).

Distinctions

• انجيل — the Injil, given to Issa, which confirms the Tawrah

See also

موسى (Moussa)