جدل
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Bentuk yang tercatat : يُجَٰدِلُ 6 · يُجَٰدِلُونَ 5 · يُجَٰدِلُونَكَ 2 · جِدَالَ 1 · تُجَٰدِلْ 1 · جَٰدَلْتُمْ 1 · لِيُجَٰدِلُوكُمْ 1 · أَتُجَٰدِلُونَنِى 1
Core meaning
To argue insistently: to uphold a cause by speech against another. The word passes no judgment; the cause defended and the manner judge the argument.
Uses
جَٰدَلَ, يُجَٰدِلُ → "to argue" : to stand up to someone by speech; with فِي, the subject of the argument.
جَٰدَلَ عَنْ → "to argue in favor of" : to defend someone by speech.
- «وَلَا تُجَٰدِلْ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَهُمْ» — "And do not argue in favor of those who betray themselves" (4:107)
جَٰدِلْهُم بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ → "to argue in the best way" : the argument commanded, ruled by its manner.
- «وَجَٰدِلْهُم بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ» — "and argue with them in the best way" (16:125)
جِدَال, جَدَل → "arguing" : the exchange itself, or the inclination to it.
Evidence from the text
The verb is blamed when the argument is made "by falsehood, to refute the truth by it" (18:56), or without knowledge or authority (22:3, 22:8, 31:20, 40:35, 40:56); it is commanded when it is made "in the best way" (16:125, 29:46); and God hears the argument of the woman who came to speak to Him of her husband (58:1). The same word thus covers just defense and obstruction: the value comes from the cause.
The argument is insistent. Nuh "abounded in arguing" (11:32); Ibrahim "began to argue" with God about the people of Lut (11:74); the human being is "more than anything, given to arguing" (18:54). On the Day of Appearance, every Self will come arguing in its own favor (16:111), and none will be able to argue with God in favor of those who betray themselves (4:107-109).
Distinctions
- حجج — "to dispute": to set an argument against another in order to prevail, whereas جدل is the insistent exchange itself
- خصم — "to quarrel": the clash of two opposing parties
See also
حور (dialogue)