كفل
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Bentuk yang tercatat : ٱلْكِفْلِ 2 · كَفَّلَهَا 1 · يَكْفُلُ 1 · كِفْلٌۭ 1 · كَفِيلًا 1 · يَكْفُلُهُۥ 1 · يَكْفُلُونَهُۥ 1 · أَكْفِلْنِيهَا 1
Core meaning
To have a person or a commitment under one's responsibility: to have custody of it, to stand guarantor for it.
Uses
كَفَّلَ, يَكْفُلُ → "custody" : to have a child in one's custody, by designation.
كَفِيلًا → "guarantor" : God taken as guarantor of an oath.
- «وَقَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ ٱللَّهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلًا» — "having taken God as a guarantor over you" (16:91)
كِفْل, كِفْلَيْنِ → "share of responsibility", "double portion" : the share one answers for, or receives.
أَكْفِلْنِيهَا → "Entrust her to me" : to ask to take a possession into one's keeping.
- «أَكْفِلْنِيهَا» — "Entrust her to me" (38:23)
ذَا ٱلْكِفْلِ → "Dhul-Kifl" : the proper name, kept as it is.
- «وَذَا ٱلْكِفْلِ» — "and Dhul-Kifl" (21:85)
Evidence from the text
Custody is always assigned by designation. In 3:44, the cast reeds designate the one who will have custody of Maryam, and in 3:37 it is God who assigns it to Zakariya, through the doubled form كَفَّلَ; in 20:40 and 28:12, Moussa's sister points to a family who will have custody of the child, whom his mother then takes back for the care of early childhood (رضع).
The same responsibility is said of a commitment: one takes God as guarantor of one's oaths (16:91), one answers for one's share in an evil intercession (4:85), and the believer receives a double portion of divine benevolence (57:28). Dhul-Kifl, named in 21:85 and 38:48, bears the root in his name; the translation keeps it as it is.
Distinctions
- رضع — to take the child into care for early childhood, whereas كفل says custody
See also
زكريا (the one who receives custody of Maryam)