ل
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Bentuk yang tercatat : لَهُمْ 261 · لَهُۥ 199 · لَهُم 72 · لَكَ 60 · لَنَا 58 · لَهُمُ 45 · لَهُ 42 · لَهَا 40
Core meaning
Preposition that attaches a thing or an act to someone: what belongs to him, what falls to him, the one for whom one acts. In the text it almost always carries a suffixed pronoun.
Uses
لَّهُۥ, لَهُمْ → "to Him belongs", "to" : belonging: what is someone's.
- «لَّهُۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ» — "To Him belongs what is in the heavens and what is on the earth" (2:255)
لَنَآ → "to us" : the share that falls to each.
- «لَنَآ أَعْمَٰلُنَا» — "To us our works" (28:55)
لَّنَا, لَهُۥ → "us", "for him" : the one for whom one gives or acts; English often joins it to the verb.
Evidence from the text
The preposition first says belonging: "To Him belongs what is in the heavens and what is on the earth" (2:255). It then says each one's share: "To us our works, to you yours" (28:55). Lastly it names the one for whom one acts: "give us, from Yourself, a protector" (4:75), or the one for whom nothing can be done: "you hold nothing for him against God" (5:41).
The attachment stays the same; only what is attached changes: a possession, a deed, a gift. The translation renders it by "to", by "for", or by the object pronoun of the verb.
Distinctions
- لدن — لدن says provenance ("from"); ل says destination.
- لدى — لدى says presence beside someone; ل, attachment to him.