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القرآن
5 Formulas and refrains 9 / 17

"Those who have believed and done righteous deeds"

Established rule 3 examples 1 min

The formula « ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ » recurs 50 times. Both its verbs are in the perfect: the translation says "those who have believed and done righteous deeds", in the present perfect, and always renders ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰت the same way in each language.

The formula joins two acts, believing (ءَامَنُوا۟) and doing (عَمِلُوا۟), and puts them in the perfect: they are acts accomplished, from which the outcome (the reward, the Garden) follows. Rendering these verbs in the present ("those who believe") would turn them into a description of a state, which the Arabic does not say.

All 50 occurrences are in the perfect, including 11:23: "Those who have believed, done righteous deeds, and found peace before their Guardian".

The noun ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰت is rendered by a single term per language: "œuvres droites", "righteous deeds", "obras rectas", "opere rette", "amal saleh", "праведные дела".

In the text

Example 98:7
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ
“Those who have believed and done righteous deeds, those are the best of creation.”
The formula in its simplest form.
Example 103:3
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ
“except those who have believed, done righteous deeds”
The formula opens a list of four acts, all in the perfect.
Example 11:23
ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَأَخْبَتُوٓا۟ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ
“Those who have believed, done righteous deeds, and found peace before their Guardian”
The only passage that was in the present; put back into the perfect.